There are currently a growing number of laboratories actively studying the mechanism by which various biological membranes are assembled. This area of research is still relatively new to biochemists and molecular biologists, but in view of the rapid progress being made, a review of the field at this time is justified. The present volume focuses on the biogenesis of three related membranes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are semiautonomous organelles whose biogenesis is carried out partly in the external cytoplasm and partly by the organelles themselves. Both membranes are principally concerned…mehr
There are currently a growing number of laboratories actively studying the mechanism by which various biological membranes are assembled. This area of research is still relatively new to biochemists and molecular biologists, but in view of the rapid progress being made, a review of the field at this time is justified. The present volume focuses on the biogenesis of three related membranes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are semiautonomous organelles whose biogenesis is carried out partly in the external cytoplasm and partly by the organelles themselves. Both membranes are principally concerned with the energy metabolism of the cell, and this commonality of function is reflected in a considerable degree of similarity in their ul trastructure and enzymatic composition. Although the bacterial cell membrane is a much more diversified structure, it also fulfills the basic energy requirements of the cell, and depending on the organism, this can take the form of photosynthesis or oxidative phosphorylation. The addi tional consideration that prokaryotic organisms may, in fact, be the evolu tionary ancestors of mitochondria and chloroplasts, makes it all the more compelling that those interested in biogenesis be aware of new develop ments in each of these three areas. In organizing this book, I felt that the contributors should summarize and bring up to date their own research and review the literature only in sofar as would be necessary to provide the proper perspective for their work.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
1 Current Problems in Membrane Biogenesis.- 1. Organization of Protein and Lipid Components of Membranes.- 2. General Aspects of Membrane Growth.- 3. Some Problems in Organelle and Bacterial Envelope Biogenesis.- 4. Concluding Remarks.- 5. References.- 2 Biogenetic Autonomy of Mitochondria and Its Limits.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Limits on Mitochondrial Translational Products and Their Specification and Function.- 3. Interrelationships between Intra- and Extramitochondrial Entities and Events and Their Regions.- 4. Limits of Programmatic Autonomy.- 5. References.- 3 Stable Pleiotropic Respiratory-Deficient Mutants of a "Petite-Negative" Yeast.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Physiology and Biochemistry of Respiration in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.- 3. Chromosomal Pleiotropic Respiratory-Deficient Mutants.- 4. Conclusions.- 5. References.- 4 Biogenesis of the Yeast Mitochondrial Membranes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Composition of Mitochondrial Membranes.- 3. The Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial Protein-Synthesizing Systems: Their Properties and Role in Mitochondrial Membrane Synthesis.- 4. Products of the Mitochondrial Protein-Synthesizing System.- 5. Inner Mitochondrial Membrane-Transport Systems.- 6. Subcellular Sites of Synthesis of Mitochondrial Lipids.- 7. Factors Affecting Mitochondrial Development.- 8. References.- 5 Biogenesis of Cytochrome Oxidase and Cytochrome b in Neurospora crassa.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Labeling of Neurospora crassa Proteins by In Vivo Incorporation of Amino Acids.- 3. Purification of Cytochrome Oxidase and Cytochrome b from the Radioactively Labeled Mitochondrial Membranes.- 4. Biogenesis of Cytochrome Oxidase.- 5. Biogenesis of Cytochrome b.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- 6 Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Interactions in the Biogenesis of Mitochondria in Yeast.- 1.Introduction.- 2. Studies with Cold-Sensitive Yeast Mutants.- 3. The Import of Nuclear-Encoded Proteins into Mitochondria.- 4. References.- 7 Eukaryotic Intracellular Relationships.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Steps in the Development of Photosynthetic Membranes in Plastids of Zea Mays.- 3. Intracellular Gene Dispersal: Genes for Chlamydomonas Chloroplast Ribosomal Proteins.- 4. Speculations on the Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotism.- 5. References.- 8 The Synthesis of Chloroplast Membranes in Pisum sativum.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods.- 3. Protein Synthesis by Isolated Pea Chloroplasts.- 4. Products of In Vitro Protein Synthesis.- 5. In Vivo Inhibitor Experiments.- 6. Products of Protein Synthesis by Isolated Pea Etioplasts.- 7. Proteins of the Chloroplast Envelope.- 8. Roles of Free and Bound Chloroplast Ribosomes.- 9. Summary and Prospects.- 10. References.- 9 Biogenesis of Chloroplast Membranes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Considerations.- 3. Development of Photosynthetic Membranes in Chlamydomonos reinhardi y-1.- 4. Control of Chloroplast Membrane Biogenesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardi.- 5. Open Problems Concerning the Control of Chloroplast Membrane Synthesis and Chloroplast-Cytoplasm Interaction.- 6. Summary.- 7. References.- 10 Biosynthesis and Assembly of the Outer Membrane Proteins of Escherichia coli.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Outer Membrane Proteins.- 3. Biosynthesis and Assembly.- 4. Structural Lipoprotein: Peak 11 Protein.- 5. Assembly Model of the Outer Membrane.- 6. References.- 11 Role of Adhesion Zones in Bacterial Cell-Surface Function and Biogenesis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Some General Structural and Functional Properties of Bacterial Cell Envelopes.- 3. Ultrastructure of the Bacterial Envelope.- 4. Functions of the Adhesion Zones.- 5. Summary.- 6. References.- 12 Studies on Bacterial Membrane Biogenesis Using Glycerol Auxotrophs.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Properties of Glycerol Auxotrophs.- 3. Effects of Glycerol Deprivation on Lipid Synthesis.- 4. Effects of Glycerol Deprivation on Macromolecular Synthesis.- 5. Effects of Protein Synthesis on Lipid Synthesis.- 6. Integration of Complex Enzyme Systems into Membranes in the Absence of Phospholipid Synthesis.- 7. Physiological Consequences of the Cessation of Phospholipid Synthesis.- 8. Topology of Membrane Synthesis.- 9. References.
1 Current Problems in Membrane Biogenesis.- 1. Organization of Protein and Lipid Components of Membranes.- 2. General Aspects of Membrane Growth.- 3. Some Problems in Organelle and Bacterial Envelope Biogenesis.- 4. Concluding Remarks.- 5. References.- 2 Biogenetic Autonomy of Mitochondria and Its Limits.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Limits on Mitochondrial Translational Products and Their Specification and Function.- 3. Interrelationships between Intra- and Extramitochondrial Entities and Events and Their Regions.- 4. Limits of Programmatic Autonomy.- 5. References.- 3 Stable Pleiotropic Respiratory-Deficient Mutants of a "Petite-Negative" Yeast.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Physiology and Biochemistry of Respiration in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.- 3. Chromosomal Pleiotropic Respiratory-Deficient Mutants.- 4. Conclusions.- 5. References.- 4 Biogenesis of the Yeast Mitochondrial Membranes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Composition of Mitochondrial Membranes.- 3. The Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial Protein-Synthesizing Systems: Their Properties and Role in Mitochondrial Membrane Synthesis.- 4. Products of the Mitochondrial Protein-Synthesizing System.- 5. Inner Mitochondrial Membrane-Transport Systems.- 6. Subcellular Sites of Synthesis of Mitochondrial Lipids.- 7. Factors Affecting Mitochondrial Development.- 8. References.- 5 Biogenesis of Cytochrome Oxidase and Cytochrome b in Neurospora crassa.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Labeling of Neurospora crassa Proteins by In Vivo Incorporation of Amino Acids.- 3. Purification of Cytochrome Oxidase and Cytochrome b from the Radioactively Labeled Mitochondrial Membranes.- 4. Biogenesis of Cytochrome Oxidase.- 5. Biogenesis of Cytochrome b.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- 6 Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Interactions in the Biogenesis of Mitochondria in Yeast.- 1.Introduction.- 2. Studies with Cold-Sensitive Yeast Mutants.- 3. The Import of Nuclear-Encoded Proteins into Mitochondria.- 4. References.- 7 Eukaryotic Intracellular Relationships.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Steps in the Development of Photosynthetic Membranes in Plastids of Zea Mays.- 3. Intracellular Gene Dispersal: Genes for Chlamydomonas Chloroplast Ribosomal Proteins.- 4. Speculations on the Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotism.- 5. References.- 8 The Synthesis of Chloroplast Membranes in Pisum sativum.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods.- 3. Protein Synthesis by Isolated Pea Chloroplasts.- 4. Products of In Vitro Protein Synthesis.- 5. In Vivo Inhibitor Experiments.- 6. Products of Protein Synthesis by Isolated Pea Etioplasts.- 7. Proteins of the Chloroplast Envelope.- 8. Roles of Free and Bound Chloroplast Ribosomes.- 9. Summary and Prospects.- 10. References.- 9 Biogenesis of Chloroplast Membranes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Considerations.- 3. Development of Photosynthetic Membranes in Chlamydomonos reinhardi y-1.- 4. Control of Chloroplast Membrane Biogenesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardi.- 5. Open Problems Concerning the Control of Chloroplast Membrane Synthesis and Chloroplast-Cytoplasm Interaction.- 6. Summary.- 7. References.- 10 Biosynthesis and Assembly of the Outer Membrane Proteins of Escherichia coli.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Outer Membrane Proteins.- 3. Biosynthesis and Assembly.- 4. Structural Lipoprotein: Peak 11 Protein.- 5. Assembly Model of the Outer Membrane.- 6. References.- 11 Role of Adhesion Zones in Bacterial Cell-Surface Function and Biogenesis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Some General Structural and Functional Properties of Bacterial Cell Envelopes.- 3. Ultrastructure of the Bacterial Envelope.- 4. Functions of the Adhesion Zones.- 5. Summary.- 6. References.- 12 Studies on Bacterial Membrane Biogenesis Using Glycerol Auxotrophs.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Properties of Glycerol Auxotrophs.- 3. Effects of Glycerol Deprivation on Lipid Synthesis.- 4. Effects of Glycerol Deprivation on Macromolecular Synthesis.- 5. Effects of Protein Synthesis on Lipid Synthesis.- 6. Integration of Complex Enzyme Systems into Membranes in the Absence of Phospholipid Synthesis.- 7. Physiological Consequences of the Cessation of Phospholipid Synthesis.- 8. Topology of Membrane Synthesis.- 9. References.
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