Metabolic syndrome is a problem of concern to clinicians and many physicians and researchers. It is not a single disease, but an association of several health problems such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus that can appear simultaneously or sequentially in the same individual. To describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in the adult population, as well as the clinical and evolutionary characteristics of this disease in patients discharged from the "Saturnino Lora" Provincial Hospital of Santiago de Cuba.