Due to the vast applications of nanomaterials in biology and medicine, this book will present a comprehensive coverage of recent advance in synthesis and biomedical applications of nanomaterials, with up-to-date data on the various techniques involved in the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials along with the applications of the nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles & carbon-based nanomaterials. Beginning with a detailed discussion of the various aspects of nanotechnology: its dimensions and manipulation of matter, the various characterization techniques used for the identification of phase purity and morphological feature of these classes of nanomaterials will then be briefly presented. The book progresses with a chapter wise discussion of the biomedical applications of metal nanoparticles with the focus on silver and gold Nps, magnetic nanoparticles (single core and multicore), quantum dots and carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene. Various biomedical applications of these nanomaterials will be discussed in detail such as bioimaging and biolabeling, cell imaging, cell tracking, In vivo animal imaging, detection of pathogens and toxins, immunolabeling & molecular localization, studying Signaling Pathways, Tumor Biology Investigation, tissue culture, drug delivery, medical nanorobotics etc. Despite the promising biomedical applications of nanomaterials, their toxicological effects have also been reported. Therefore, this book will also cover the toxicological studies of the various types of nanomaterials.