Minimal intervention dentistry is concerned with intervening measures to reflect and affect process and progress of oral disease, including Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment. This is under the assumption that non-invasive procedures are less intervening then invasive ones and that the degree of intervention is directly linked with the degree of tissue loss and level of patient discomfort. Only minimal intervention is required to stabilize and heal an initial carious lesion; this approach will lead to optimum retention of natural tooth structure, maintaining both strength and esthetics. All efforts should be made to preserve a maximum amount of sound tooth structure. The material, scientific background and technology for adoption of this approach are with us today and it is up to practitioner to translate these concepts into everyday clinical use.