The relevant scientific literatures were reviewed with the aim of providing an overview of modern instruction in medicine. Modern instruction in medicine has become increasingly aiming at facilitating learning and acquiring skills, rather than purely giving knowledge. The principles and concepts of modern instruction have been increasingly used by professional institutions during instruction, which is considered by these institutions as "Class training". The most important concepts and theories that have contributed to the evolution and development of modern instruction in medicine include Bloom's Taxonomy, VAK/ VARK learner's preferences model, Malcolm's concepts and principles of adult learning (Andragogy), the major learning theories (Behaviorism, constructivism and cognitivism), and Donald Kirkpatrick's methods of evaluation.