Practice of oral health science has now entered the era of "evidence based dentistry," characterized by an increasing societal belief around the world that clinical practice should be based on scientific information. Molecular dentistry, the human genome project, transcriptomes and proteomes have recently opened vast opportunities for translation of basic science discoveries to oral health care at the chairside and bedside through the intermediary process of clinical research. Multiple factors and processes contribute to the response of dental treatment. Understanding of the interaction between genetic, molecular biology, biochemistry and environmental factors (including treatment) that influence the treatment response of our patient will be fundamental to the practice of personalized dentistry. This text book is written with the aim to provide preliminary resource for academicians, clinicians, researchers and students of dentistry interested Oral Molecular biology.