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The colonial woman has been the primary source of ancestral myths, a secondary character in the heroic deeds of the American resistance, an obscure object of desire and of the imaginary projections of the conquistadors that continues to occupy a space largely impenetrable by the Latin American critical and historiographic discourse. The vital and discursive space of the colonial woman was always an area limited and controlled by strategies and a rhetoric that imposed on her specific and unquestionable values and functions destined to confirm and strengthen the established powers. This volume tries to present an image of this woman different from the one offered by the traditional versions of the period that America begins with the discovery of Europe (its advances, missionaries and bureaucrats, its books, its plagues and its myths) and extends to the founding of the national states. The works gathered in this book cover a journey that goes from the first images of women rescued in chronicles, colonial relations and iconographies to those that approach the stages that prepare for Independence.These studies, varied as they are, have the common goal of recovering, through the investigation of documents and textual interpretation, the features that define a social subject always on the run, multifaceted and reticent, which is almost never revealed in a first reading and that lives primarily in the margins and between the lines of masculine discourses.