Acetylcholinesterase plays a key role in cholinergic transnnSSlOn. By rapid hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine the enzyme terminates the chemical impluse, thereby allowing rapid repetitive responses. Inhibitors of cholinesterases have important applications in agriculture - pest control, and in medicine - treatment of various disorders such as myasthenia gravis, glaucoma and management of Alzheimer's disease. These are some of the reasons for the special attraction of scientists from multiple disciplines such as neurobiology, pharmacology, chemistry, biochemistry, molecular…mehr
Acetylcholinesterase plays a key role in cholinergic transnnSSlOn. By rapid hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine the enzyme terminates the chemical impluse, thereby allowing rapid repetitive responses. Inhibitors of cholinesterases have important applications in agriculture - pest control, and in medicine - treatment of various disorders such as myasthenia gravis, glaucoma and management of Alzheimer's disease. These are some of the reasons for the special attraction of scientists from multiple disciplines such as neurobiology, pharmacology, chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology to cholinesterase research. We have been fortunate to organize the 36th OHOLO conference on Multidisciplinary Approaches to Cholinesterase Functions at a time when this field of research is bursting with new concepts and ideas, brought about by the recent structural resolution of the catalytic subunit of acetylcholinesterase and by application of methodologies related tomolecular genetics and protein engineering. This volume summarizes most of the important advances resulting from these developments as reflected in the OHOLO meeting.
Impact of Recombinant DNA Technology and Protein Structure Determination on Past and Future Studies on Acetylcholinesterase.- Molecular Polymorphism.- Biosynthesis of the Molecular Forms of Acetylcholinesterase.- Binding of Asymmetric (A12) Acetylcholinesterase to C2 Muscle Cells and to CHO Mutants Defective in Glycosaminoglycan Synthesis.- Subunit Assembly and Glycosylation of Mammalian Brain Acetylcholinesterase.- Molecular Organization of Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase.- Expression and Refolding of Functional Human Butyrylcholinesterase from E. coli.- 1: Genetic Variant of Human Acetylcholinesterase - Part 2: SV-40 Transformed Cell Lines, for Example COS-1, but Not Parental Untransformed Cell Lines, Express Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE).- Heterogeneity of the Silent Phenotype of Human Butyrylcholinesterase - Identification of Eight New Mutations.- Nematode Acetylcholinesterases: Several Genes and Molecular Forms of their Products.- Drosophila Acetylcholinesterase: Analysis of Structure and Sensitivity to Insecticides by In Vitro Mutagenesis and Expression.- Altered Form of Acetylcholinesterase in Insecticide-Resistant Houseflies (Musca domestica).- PCR Generated Homologous DNA Probes and Sequence for Acetylcholinesterase Genes in Insect Pests.- Testicular Gene Amplification and Impaired BChE Transcription Induced in Transgenic Mice by the Human BChE Coding Sequence.- Structure Function Relationship.- Three-Dimensional Structure of Acetylcholinesterase.- Sequence Alignment of Esterases and Lipases Based on 3-D Structures of Two Members of This Family.- Structural Analysis of Acetylcholinesterase Ammonium Binding Sites.- Structural Investigations of the Acetylcholinesterase.- Substrate-Selective Inhibition and Peripheral Site Labeling of Acetylcholinesteraseby Platinum (Terpyridine) Chloride.- Cryptic Catalysis and Cholinesterase Function.- Influence of Ionic Composition of the Medium on Acetylcholinesterase Conformation.- Molecular Dissection of Functional Domains in Human Cholinesterases Expressed in Microinjected Xenopus Oocytes.- Acetylcholinesterase Catalysis - Protein Engineering Studies.- Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Functional Residues in Torpedo Acetylcholinesterase.- Structurally Important Residues in the Region SER91 to ASN98 of Torpedo Acetylcholinesterase.- A Model of Butyryicholinesterase Based on the X-ray Structure of Acetylcholinesterase Indicates Differences in Specificity.- Molecular Models for Human AChE and its Phosphonylation Products.- Relationships Between Activity of Organophosphorus Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Accessibility of Phosphorus Atom as Estimated by Molecular Mechanics Calculations.- Physiological Role and Clinical Applications.- Factors Influencing Acetylcholinesterase Regulation in Slow and Fast Skeletal Muscles.- Compartmentalization of Acetylcholinesterase mRNA and Protein Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vitro and In Vivo: Implications for Regulation at the Neuromuscular Junction.- Towards a Functional Analysis Cholinesterases in Neurogenesis: Histological, Molecular, and Regulatory Features of BChE from Chicken Brain.- Acetylcholinesterase as a Modulatory Neuroprotein and its Influence on Motor Control.- Different Influence of Inhibitors on Acetylcholinesterase Molecular Forms G1 and G4 Isolated from Alzheimer's Disease and Control Brains.- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition by Novel Carbamates: A Kinetic and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study.- Experimental Acetylcholinesterase Autoimmunity.- Clinical Implications of Cholinesterase Aberrations in Syndromes of HemopoieticCell Division.- Acetylcholinesterase: A Pretreatment Drug for Organophosphate Toxicity.- Recommendations for Nomenclature in Cholinesterases.
Impact of Recombinant DNA Technology and Protein Structure Determination on Past and Future Studies on Acetylcholinesterase.- Molecular Polymorphism.- Biosynthesis of the Molecular Forms of Acetylcholinesterase.- Binding of Asymmetric (A12) Acetylcholinesterase to C2 Muscle Cells and to CHO Mutants Defective in Glycosaminoglycan Synthesis.- Subunit Assembly and Glycosylation of Mammalian Brain Acetylcholinesterase.- Molecular Organization of Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase.- Expression and Refolding of Functional Human Butyrylcholinesterase from E. coli.- 1: Genetic Variant of Human Acetylcholinesterase - Part 2: SV-40 Transformed Cell Lines, for Example COS-1, but Not Parental Untransformed Cell Lines, Express Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE).- Heterogeneity of the Silent Phenotype of Human Butyrylcholinesterase - Identification of Eight New Mutations.- Nematode Acetylcholinesterases: Several Genes and Molecular Forms of their Products.- Drosophila Acetylcholinesterase: Analysis of Structure and Sensitivity to Insecticides by In Vitro Mutagenesis and Expression.- Altered Form of Acetylcholinesterase in Insecticide-Resistant Houseflies (Musca domestica).- PCR Generated Homologous DNA Probes and Sequence for Acetylcholinesterase Genes in Insect Pests.- Testicular Gene Amplification and Impaired BChE Transcription Induced in Transgenic Mice by the Human BChE Coding Sequence.- Structure Function Relationship.- Three-Dimensional Structure of Acetylcholinesterase.- Sequence Alignment of Esterases and Lipases Based on 3-D Structures of Two Members of This Family.- Structural Analysis of Acetylcholinesterase Ammonium Binding Sites.- Structural Investigations of the Acetylcholinesterase.- Substrate-Selective Inhibition and Peripheral Site Labeling of Acetylcholinesteraseby Platinum (Terpyridine) Chloride.- Cryptic Catalysis and Cholinesterase Function.- Influence of Ionic Composition of the Medium on Acetylcholinesterase Conformation.- Molecular Dissection of Functional Domains in Human Cholinesterases Expressed in Microinjected Xenopus Oocytes.- Acetylcholinesterase Catalysis - Protein Engineering Studies.- Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Functional Residues in Torpedo Acetylcholinesterase.- Structurally Important Residues in the Region SER91 to ASN98 of Torpedo Acetylcholinesterase.- A Model of Butyryicholinesterase Based on the X-ray Structure of Acetylcholinesterase Indicates Differences in Specificity.- Molecular Models for Human AChE and its Phosphonylation Products.- Relationships Between Activity of Organophosphorus Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Accessibility of Phosphorus Atom as Estimated by Molecular Mechanics Calculations.- Physiological Role and Clinical Applications.- Factors Influencing Acetylcholinesterase Regulation in Slow and Fast Skeletal Muscles.- Compartmentalization of Acetylcholinesterase mRNA and Protein Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vitro and In Vivo: Implications for Regulation at the Neuromuscular Junction.- Towards a Functional Analysis Cholinesterases in Neurogenesis: Histological, Molecular, and Regulatory Features of BChE from Chicken Brain.- Acetylcholinesterase as a Modulatory Neuroprotein and its Influence on Motor Control.- Different Influence of Inhibitors on Acetylcholinesterase Molecular Forms G1 and G4 Isolated from Alzheimer's Disease and Control Brains.- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition by Novel Carbamates: A Kinetic and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study.- Experimental Acetylcholinesterase Autoimmunity.- Clinical Implications of Cholinesterase Aberrations in Syndromes of HemopoieticCell Division.- Acetylcholinesterase: A Pretreatment Drug for Organophosphate Toxicity.- Recommendations for Nomenclature in Cholinesterases.
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