This book cover the most advanced promising approaches to the development of new materials that consist of organic polymers for the cancer photothermal cancer therapy will be discussed here, however, a comprehensive amount on "smart polymers" of on this subject has been mainly discussed. The potential of nanomaterials have been explored as a novel tool for the advanced cancer treatment. Here, The nanosystem can effectively absorb the near infrared (NIR) light and thus enable the NIR-responsive combined phototherapy.