Municipal solid waste management has become a huge topic in many developing countries, especially the ones with huge populations, like China. MSW can be a gigantic trouble causer for the environment, ecological system and societies without proper management; meanwhile, it can also be a resource pool with tremendous potentials for source retrieving, energy recovering, if treated properly. This book discuss generally about the current MSW status quo, political frameworks and management situations in China with focus on waste separations, both at-source and on-site separation. By introducing the advanced waste management schemes in industrialized countries like Germany and Japan, to determine what is the problems and recommendations for the waste management and separations in China. This book provides some useful insights for policy makers and researchers in the filed of waste management in China.