This book is the reflection of a music therapy practice that has evolved over a decade. It is framed by theory and enriched by the latest discoveries in neuroscience. Nathalie Château-Artaud presents here three axes of accompaniment in music therapy: adult psychiatry, neuro-functional re-education of an aphasic subject, and a child suffering from autism spectrum disorders. Her meticulous examination leads her to a personalized and evolving proposal of music therapy. Based on this practice, the author sought to reflect on the components of this profession, which is still not well known, and to question what it lacks. The new trend she proposes touches on the human being as a whole while integrating scientific rigor. This book, thanks to detailed theoretical and practical references, is both a tool for professionals and a guide for those who wish to understand the difference between a music workshop (with or without a therapeutic aim) and a real music therapy accompaniment.