It is a commonly accepted view in mainstream archaeology that civilization started in Iraq, in ancient Mesopotamia with the great civilization of Sumeria. However, there is an archaeological discovery at the Al Ubaid archaeological site, where many pre-Sumerian 7,000-year-old artifacts were found, depicting humanoid figures with lizard characteristics. The Ubaidian culture is a prehistoric culture in Mesopotamia that dates between 4000 and 5500 BC. As with the Sumerians, the origins of the Ubaidian people are unknown. They lived in large village settlements in mud-brick houses and they had developed architecture, agriculture and farmed the land using irrigation. The domestic architecture included large T-shaped houses; open courtyards, paved streets, as well as food processing equipment. Some of these villages began to develop into towns; temples began to appear, as well as monumental buildings such as in Eridu, Ur and Uruk, the major sites of the Sumerian Civilization. Accordingto the Sumerian texts, Ur was believed to be the first city. The main site where the unusual artifacts were discovered is called Tell Al 'Ubaid - although figurines were also found in Ur and Eridu.
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