The science of nanotechnology involves the development of new materials with dimensions on the order of tens to a few hundreds of nanometers. Bigger than what we normally consider molecules and smaller than bulk materials, nanomaterials have emergent properties that are a direct result of their size. These new materials are proving to have a broad range of applications in medicine and basic biological research. Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have unique properties compared with their larger counterparts that affect their toxicity. This book discuss about the various toxic effects concerned with the nano materials. Chapter 1 gives an introduction about concept of nano toxicology and various health effects. Chapter 2 focuses on nanomaterial pollution, public perceptions and education. In chapter 3 human exposure to nanosized materials have been discussed. Chapter 4 explains about economics impacts of nanotechnology. Chapter 5 gives a detailed insight into the ethics laws and regulations.