Nanotechnology refers to the design, characterization, production, and application of structures, devices, and systems by controlled manipulation of size and shape at the nanometer scale that produces structures, devices, and systems with at least one novel or superior character or property. It is a highly interdisciplinary field and is considered to be a confluence of engineering, technology and pure sciences such as physics, chemistry, biology and material sciences. With the advent of nanotechnology it is possible to offer better built, longer lasting, cleaner, safer, and smarter products for the home, for communications, for medicine, for transportation, for agriculture, and for industry.