As global warming and climate change concerns grow, architects increasingly seek to create more sustainable and adaptable buildings that minimize their impact on human health and the environment. In this context, innovative nanotechnology-based materials have the potential to revolutionize building design and retrofitting, providing pioneering solutions for architects to improve the sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings.This book highlights the potential of nanomaterials to enable architects to design and retrofit buildings that are more energy-efficient, sustainable, and adaptable to the changing climate. The study expands upon the existing literature on the applications of nanomaterials in the built environment, providing detailed insights that can guide future research and implementation decisions for retrofitting existing buildings. The research highlights the potential of nanomaterials to enable architects to design and retrofit buildings that are more energy-efficient, sustainable, and adaptable to the changing climate.