Nanomaterials address one of the most challenging issues facing separation science, i.e., improvements in speed of separation and resolution in gel electrophoresis. Nanomaterials act as heat sink and lower the Joule heating and band broadening. It provides the opportunity to apply higher voltages to speed up the separation and also to improve the resolution. The novel idea presented by using nanoparticles is the reclaim of high throughput capability of slab gel electrophoresis that was lost to capillary gel electrophoresis at the expense of faster separation time.