Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter in the nanoscale level, having dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometres. At this level, matter can exhibit remarkable physical, chemical, and biological properties that differs significantly from those of bulk materials, single atoms, and molecules. The proportionately larger surface area to volume ratio seen in nanoscale materials is one of the most distinguishing features offered by nanotechnology.Nanotechnology will revolutionize health care, especially dentistry, more profoundly than many other developments of the past. It has the potential to bring out significant benefits, such as improved health. It is possible to improve important properties of dental restorative materials by using nanotechnology. This book focuses on the uses, recent advances and future trends of nanotechnology on the field of conservative dentistry and endodontics.