Nanotechnology holds promise for advanced diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and biosensors. In the long term, medical nanorobots will allow instant pathogen diagnosis and extermination, individual cell surgery in vivo, and improvement of natural physiological function. Current research is focusing on fabrication of nanostructures, nanoactuators, and nanomotors, along with means to assemble them into larger systems, economically and in great numbers. Nanotechnology creates incredibly useful structures from individual atoms or molecules, which provides a new alternative and a possibly superior approach for the identification of oral health related problems and also in designing of more biocompatible dental materials with better properties and anticaries potential. Nanodentistry is striving its best to apply new advances in dental practice.