This book analyzes framework conditions and circumstances determining the successful development and diffusion of eco-innovation in a country and the role that eco-innovations can play to support a country's sustainable development. Eco-innovation depends significantly on factors determined by cooperation between governments and the private-sector, in terms of macro-economic and regulatory context, education and training system, infrastructure and communication, market conditions. Within this book, also the role of public-private partnerships to achieve through eco-innovations the United Nations Millennium Development Goals is reviewed.