High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In logic, natural deduction is an approach to proof theory that attempts to provide a deductive system which is a formal model of logical reasoning as it "naturally" occurs. This approach is in contrast to axiomatic systems which use axioms. One version of natural deductive logic has no axioms. System L, developed by E.J. Lemmon, has only nine primitive rules that govern the syntax of a proof. The nine primitive rules of system L are 1. The Rule of Assumption (A) 2. Modus Ponendo Ponens (MPP) 3. The Rule of Double Negation (DN) 4. The Rule of Conditional Proof (CP)