This analysis regards the application of the predator-prey theory, and its impact on the exploitation of the natural resources and the mass tourism concerns. To such intention, the construction of a suitable evolutionary Lotka- Volterra system allows us to calibrate some economic situations and the consequent co-evolutionary system, as well as to study the necessary policy interventions that bring the system to the solution associated to either the pacific coexistence of the populations in question or to the optimal exploitation of the environmental resource at disposal.