This book includes a survey and cataloguing of data on the regular basic education schools that serve the settlers in the Cariri region of Ceará. It reflects on the links between the pedagogical principles of rural education that have already been accumulated and the practices carried out in these schools. Based on the collection of primary and secondary data, we diagnosed and analysed the physical, structural and pedagogical dimensions of the educational system made available to the settled population of the communities surveyed. In order to do this, it was necessary to understand the universe of settlements in Ceará's Cariri region and how they are linked to the focus of our investigation. We also sought to understand how the regular basic education network is organised and how it relates to the region's settled populations. The reflection seeks to point out the main challenges in the educational environment and what the prospects are for these.