The renovation program known as Doi moi in Vietnam provided an incentive for the uptake of IT in government and private organisations. This study examines organisational culture at a national and local level and the success factors for IT implementation. The majority of the organisations surveyed were characterised as Elephant with elements of order, uniformity, rules, regulations and emphasis on stability. They were mostly state-owned located in North Vietnam and met with less success compared to 'Tiger organisations which were mainly private and foreign-owned. These were generally located in the South and stressed operational efficiency, competitive advantage and market superiority. Rabbit characteristics, such as flexibility, creativity and innovation did not surface often in the study of Vietnamese organisations. Tiger culture followed by Rabbit were significantly associated with higher levels of IT success. 'Production-oriented' organisations indicated higher levelsof IT investment payoff than People-oriented ones. Characteristically, organisations with entrepreneurial culture were found to have high levels of IT implementation success.