Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In 1933, Diem had been the Interior Minister of Vietnam, serving under Emperor Bao Dai. However, he resigned after a few months because the French colonialists would not give Vietnam any meaningful autonomy, and became a private citizen. During World War II, Imperial Japan attacked Indochina and wrested control from France, but when they were defeated by the Allies in 1945, a power vacuum emerged. The communist-dominated Vietminh of Ho Chi Minh fought for Vietnamese independence, while the French attempted to regain control of their colony, and created the State of Vietnam under Bao Dai, which was allied to the French Union. A staunch anti-communist nationalist, Diem opposed both and attempted to create his own movement, with little success. With both the French and the communists hostile to him, Diem felt unsafe and went into self-imposed exile in 1950,leaving Vietnam for the first time in his life.