Despite lofty rhetoric and aspirations, neither the goals of Foreign Aid nor those who advocate Foreign Direct Investment for alleviating poverty have been, or are likely to be achieved in Nigeria. This study examines why Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Aid in Sub-Saharan Africa facilitate patronage which, in turn, results in Human Insecurity across the region. In the case of Nigeria, there is an inherent dilemma between aid and investment on one hand and patronage, access, and corruption on the other. U.S. Foreign Aid and Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria facilitate and reinforce patronage and corruption, which in turn, results in a condition of Human Insecurity.