Advances in technology has led to improvement in various dental treatments. Root Canal Treatment, a routinely practised endodontic procedure involves cleaning and shaping of root canal intricacies with endodontic files which were earlier made of stainless steel. Recent metallurgical changes have facilitated the use of nickel titanium (NiTi) alloys for manufacturing of endodontic files. These NiTi endodontic files make biomechanical preparation easier not only for simple root canal anatomies as well as curved and complex root canal anatomies too. This book aims at history of NiTi alloys and advances in the metallurgy of NiTi endodontic files with their characteristics features. Also gives in-depth knowledge of different file systems available in the market till date. Its an interesting and simplified compilation of revolutionary change and advancements in the NiTi file designs and systems.