Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change owing to its low adaptive capacity and high dependence on climate-sensitive resources such as water resources and ecological systems. This has led to myriads of environmental challenges. However, most rural communities in developing countries have evolved various technical solutions and institutional mechanisms to deal with these environmental constraints. Instructively, pastoralists are a group of rural producers most hit by climate variability. This book therefore, validated Pastoralists' locale- specific knowledge and perception of climate variability and adaptation practices in Katsina and Zamfara states in north-western region of Nigeria. Hence, it is a digression from top to down conventional approach centered on climate situations generated through general circulation models to bottom to top approach which concentrates more on holistic impact assessment and adaptation to climate change.