Periodontal disease is a chronic infection of the periodontium affecting soft and mineralized tissues surrounding the teeth. It is a highly prevalent infectious injury caused by specific bacterial species. The periodontal disease progression is associated with subgingival bacterial colonization and biofilm formation that provokes chronic inflammation of soft tissues, degradation of collagen fibers supporting the tooth to the gingiva and alveolar bone, as well as resorption of the alveolar bone itself.