Note-taking is part of most adults daily lives. We take down notes before going to the supermarket, when planning a holiday, or in a job meeting. What is more, note taking gains an even more strategic significance in academic spheres. In order to succeed academically, students need to take detailed notes of their teachers explanations. However, note-taking instruction in schools and colleges seems to be non-existent. This book explores the benefits of taking down notes, and it provides a framework for note-taking training. An experimental study is fully described to analyze the impact of note-taking instruction on information recall after listening to lectures in a foreign language. The implications of the results offer more evidence on the need to include the teaching of note-taking strategies in academic curricula.