Notes From The Underground - Dostoyevsky, Fyodor
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Fyodor Dostoevsky's story Notes from Underground was initially presented in the 1864 issue of Epoch. It is a first-person account that takes the form of a "confession." Dostoevsky initially published the piece in Epoch under the title "A Confession." The novella presents itself as an excerpt from the memoirs of a bitter, reclusive, unidentified narrator who lives in St. Petersburg and is a retired civil official (sometimes referred to as the Underground Man by critics). Although the novella's first section is written in the style of a monologue, the narrator's dialogue with the reader is…mehr

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Produktbeschreibung
Fyodor Dostoevsky's story Notes from Underground was initially presented in the 1864 issue of Epoch. It is a first-person account that takes the form of a "confession." Dostoevsky initially published the piece in Epoch under the title "A Confession." The novella presents itself as an excerpt from the memoirs of a bitter, reclusive, unidentified narrator who lives in St. Petersburg and is a retired civil official (sometimes referred to as the Underground Man by critics). Although the novella's first section is written in the style of a monologue, the narrator's dialogue with the reader is sharply dialogized. In the Underground Man's confession, "there is literally not a single nomologically firm, the undissociated word," according to Mikhail Bakhtin. Every word spoken by The Underground Man anticipates another's, with whom he engages in an obsessive mental debate. The Underground Man criticizes modern Russian philosophy, particularly What Is to Be Done by Nikolay Chernyshevsky. The work might be seen as an attack and a rebellion against determinism, which holds that everything, including human individuality and volition, can be boiled down to natural laws, scientific principles, and mathematical formulae. There are two sections to the novella.
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Autorenporträt
Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky[a] (11 November 1821 - 9 February 1881), sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, journalist and philosopher. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed works include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 11 novels, three novellas, 17 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest psychologists in world literature.[3] His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into St. Petersburg's literary circles. Arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia, he was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment. He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers.