The benzoxazole nucleus is an important heterocyclic moiety and their derivatives display a wide variety of important biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-histaminic, herbicidal, anthelmintic, anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, 5-HT3 agonist, diuretic, and 5-HT3 antagonist, uricosuric. The book covers much on the synthesis of few novel benzoxazole derivatives, their characterization and biological / pharmacological evaluation.