With the development experienced by medical sciences, and especially by neonatology, neonatal surgery has become very important. Previously, the survival of preterm and immature newborns was very low, but as it has increased, it has been necessary to face a group of diseases that are frequently associated with low birth weight and immaturity, such as congenital malformations, most of which require surgical intervention for their solution, and constitute one of the main causes of infant mortality in Cuba and in the world.