In this monograph, the optimal conditions for obtaining organo-inorganic nanocomposites based on polyamide-6 and high-density linear polyethylene as a result of exfoliation of layered silicates were determined, the dependence of the degree of exfoliation of layered silicates on the physical-mechanical and thermal properties of organo-inorganic nanocomposites was determined, high-pressure and heat-insulating materials based on organo-inorganic nanocomposites were determined. Polymer composite materials used in the production of polyethylene pipes and car bumpers were developed, and fire resistance properties of organic-inorganic nanocomposites with a high level of fillers were determined. The monograph is intended for a wide readership of chemists engaged in organic-inorganic synthesis, specialists in chemistry and chemical technology, university professors, doctoral students, and scientific researchers and students, as well as those studying inorganic, organic, and coordination compounds.