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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. O iy na, a small country in early medieval India, ascribed importance in the development and dissemination of Tantric Buddhism. The physical location of O iy na is disputed and open to conjecture. Possible locations that have been identified are: Sw t Valley region of present-day Pakistan. Most scholars conventionally place it here. Orissa locality of Eastern India, through a case founded upon "literary, archeological and iconographical" evidence, according to Keown, et al. (2003: p.203). Scholars championing this location contend that the name O iy na derives from the Dravidian O iyan, denoting a native or indigenous person of O ra (Orissa) or from O iyam, Telegu for O ra. O iy na is also the Middle Indic form of Udy na, meaning "garden," the name by which Hsüan Tsang knew the region around Orissa. In later Tibetan traditions, O iy na is either conflated or identified with Shambhala, a land inhabited by dakini and inaccessible to or by, ordinary mortals being a beyul or ''hidden land''..