Tarso B. Ledur Kist

Open and Toroidal Electrophoresis

Ultra-High Separation Efficiencies in Capillaries, Microchips and Slabs

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Presents the theory and applications of Toroidal Capillary, Microchip, and Slab Electrophoresis to analytical chemists across a range of disciplines

Written by one of the developers of Toroidal Capillary Electrophoresis (TCE), this book is the first to present this novel analytical technique, in detail, to the field of analytical chemistry.

The exact expressions of separation efficiency, resolution, peak capacity, and many other performance indicators of the open and toroidal layouts are presented and compared.

Featuring numerous illustrations throughout, Open and Toroidal Electrophoresis: Ultra-High Separation Efficiencies in Capillaries, Microchips and Slabs offers chapters covering: Solvents and Buffer Solutions; Fundamentals of Electrophoresis; Open Layout; and Toroidal Layout. Confronting Performance Indicators is next, followed by chapters on High Voltage Modules and Distributors; Heat Removal and Temperature Control; and Detectors. The book finisheswith an examination of the applications of Toroidal Electrophoresis.

The first book to offer a detailed account of Toroidal Electrophoresis--written by one of its creators
_ Compares the toroidal layouts with the well-established open layouts of the three most used platforms (Capillary, Microchip, and Slab)
_ Provides solutions to many of the experimental issues arising in electromigration techniques and discusses the voltage distributors and detectors that are compatible with the toroidal layouts
_ Richly illustrated with a large number of useful equations showing the relationships between important operational parameters and the performance indicators

Open and Toroidal Electrophoresis is aimed at method developers and separation scientists working in clinical analysis, and food analysis, as well as those in pharmacology, disease biomarker applications, and nucleic acid analysis using the Capillary, Microchip, or slab Platform. It will also benefit undergraduate and graduate students of inorganic analytical chemistry, organic analytical chemistry, bioanalysis, pharmaceutical sciences, clinical sciences, and food analysis.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley / Wiley & Sons
• Artikelnr. des Verlages: 1W119539400
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 287
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. April 2020
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 231mm x 157mm x 20mm
• Gewicht: 567g
• ISBN-13: 9781119539407
• ISBN-10: 1119539404
• Artikelnr.: 58025334

Autorenporträt

TARSO B. LEDUR KIST, PHD, is a Full Professor at the Department of Biophysics of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. His research topics include the development of theoretical models pertaining to molecular physicochemical phenomena, with emphasis on aqueous media, as well as creating prototypes of instruments for their measurement. Professor Kist's TCE platform brings much more flexibility, sensitivity, and unprecedented separation efficiencies to inorganic analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xiii

Acronyms xv

Symbols and Conventions xvii

Introduction xxi

1 Solvents and Buffer Solutions 1

1.1 Water as a Solvent 1

1.1.1 Temperature and Brownian Motion 1

1.1.2 Electric Permittivity of Water 2

1.1.3 Dissolution 3

1.1.4 Solvation 3

1.1.5 Dissociation 5

1.1.6 Ionization 7

1.1.7 Hydrophilicity, Hydrophobicity, and LogP 8

1.1.8 Gibbs Free Energy Change 9

1.1.9 Acid Ionization Constants 10

1.1.10 Concentration-pH and pa-pH Diagrams 12

1.1.11 Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation 13

1.1.12 Buffer Capacity 15

1.2 Binary Mixtures and Other Solvents 18

References 19

2 Fundamentals of Electrophoresis 21

2.1 Introduction 21

2.2 The Platforms 21

2.3 Electrophoresis 23

2.4 Electrophoresis of Single Molecules 27

2.5 Ionic Limiting Mobility 30

2.6 Bands, Fronts, Peaks, and Zones 32

2.6.1 Bands and Peaks 32

2.6.2 Fronts 37

2.6.3 Zones 38

2.7 The Isoelectric Point 38

2.7.1 Isoelectric Point of Molecules 38

2.7.2 Isoelectric Point of Nano and Microparticles 41

2.8 Turbulent and Laminar Flow 42

2.8.1 The Driving Forces of Fluid Flow 42

2.8.2 Turbulence 43

2.8.3 Laminar Flow in Cylindrical Capillaries 43

2.8.3.1 Pressure Driven Flow 43

2.8.3.2 Gravity Driven Flow 45

2.8.3.3 Capillary Action 45

2.8.4 Laminar Flow in Microchannels 46

2.8.4.1 Pressure Driven Flow 46

2.8.4.2 Gravity Driven Flow 49

2.9 Electroosmosis 50

2.9.1 EOF in Cylindrical Capillaries 50

2.9.1.1 Volumetric Flow Rate 53

2.9.1.2 Combined Pressure Driven Flow and EOF 53

2.9.2 EOF in Rectangular Microchannels 53

2.10 Supression of EOF 54

2.10.1 Protocols for EOF Suppression 54

2.10.2 Advantages of Suppressing EOF with Covalent Coatings 56

2.10.3 Measuring Small and Large EOF Velocities 56

2.11 Joule Effect and Heat Dissipation 57

2.12 Temperature Profiles 58

2.13 Molecular Diffusion and Band Broadening 62

2.14 Sample Stacking and Band Compression 64

2.15 Separation Modes 69

2.15.1 Affinity Electrophoresis 69

2.15.2 Electrochromatography 71

2.15.3 End-labeled Free-solution Electrophoresis 72

2.15.4 Free-Solution Electrophoresis 73

2.15.5 Isoelectric Focusing 76

2.15.6 Isotachophoresis 77

2.15.7 Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography 79

2.15.8 Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 79

2.15.9 Sieving Electrophoresis 81

2.15.10 Suitable Separation Modes for Each Class of Analytes 82

References 84

3 Open Layout 89

3.1 Introduction 89

3.2 Capillary Electrophoresis 89

3.3 Microchip Electrophoresis 92

3.4 Slab Electrophoresis 94

3.5 Performance Indicators for Open Layouts 97

3.5.1 From Single Bands or Peaks 98

3.5.1.1 Number of Theoretical Plates 98

3.5.1.2 Number of Theoretical Plates per Unit Time Squared 99

3.5.1.3 Height Equivalent of a Theoretical Plate 99

3.5.2 From Two Neighboring Bands or Peaks 100

3.5.2.1 Resolution 104

3.5.2.2 Resolution per Unit Time 106

3.5.3 From n Bands and n Peaks 107

3.5.3.1 Band Capacity 107

3.5.3.2 Band Capacity per Unit of Time 108

3.5.3.3 Peak Capacity 108

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