The mobile market has experienced unprecedented growth over the last few decades. Consumer trends have shifted towards mobile internet services supported by 3G and 4G networks worldwide. Inherent to existing networks are problems such as lack of spectrum, high energy consumption, and inter-cell interference. These limitations have led to the emergence of 5G technology. It is clear that any 5G system will integrate optical communications, which is already a mainstay of wide area networks. Using an optical core to route 5G data raises significant questions of how wireless and optical can coexist…mehr
The mobile market has experienced unprecedented growth over the last few decades. Consumer trends have shifted towards mobile internet services supported by 3G and 4G networks worldwide. Inherent to existing networks are problems such as lack of spectrum, high energy consumption, and inter-cell interference. These limitations have led to the emergence of 5G technology. It is clear that any 5G system will integrate optical communications, which is already a mainstay of wide area networks. Using an optical core to route 5G data raises significant questions of how wireless and optical can coexist in synergy to provide smooth, end-to-end communication pathways. Optical and Wireless Convergence for 5G Networks explores new emerging technologies, concepts, and approaches for seamlessly integrating optical-wireless for 5G and beyond.
Considering both fronthaul and backhaul perspectives, this timely book provides insights on managing an ecosystem of mixed and multiple access network communications focused on optical-wireless convergence. Topics include Fiber-Wireless (FiWi), Hybrid Fiber-Wireless (HFW), Visible Light Communication (VLC), 5G optical sensing technologies, approaches to real-time IoT applications, Tactile Internet, Fog Computing (FC), Network Functions Virtualization (NFV), Software-Defined Networking (SDN), and many others. This book aims to provide an inclusive survey of 5G optical-wireless requirements, architecture developments, and technological solutions.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
ABDELGADER M. ABDALLA, PHD, is a Senior Researcher at the Instituto de Telecomunicações, Aveiro, Portugal. He is acting as a work package leader/task leader for two ECSEL Innovation Actions European projects. He is also playing a leading international role on optical-wireless convergence research. JONATHAN RODRIGUEZ, PHD, is a Principal Investigator and founder of the Mobile Systems Research Lab at the Instituto de Telecomunicações, Aveiro, Portugal. He is also a full Professor at the University of South Wales, UK. ISSA ELFERGANI, PHD, is a Senior Researcher at the Instituto de Telecomunicações, Aveiro, Portugal, working as technical manager and work package leader on several national and international projects. He is an expert on Radio Communication. ANTONIO TEIXEIRA, PHD, is a Professor at the University of Aveiro and Principal Investigator at the Instituto de Telecomunicações, Portugal. He was with Nokia Siemens Networks and Coriant as a standardization expert in the field of optical access. He holds an EC in management and leadership from MIT Sloan School.
Inhaltsangabe
About the Editors ii
Contributors v
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments i
Introduction iii
1 Towards a Converged Optical-Wireless Fronthaul/Backhaul Solution for 5G Networks and Beyond 1 Isiaka Ajewale Alimi, Nelson Jesus Muga, Abdelgader M. Abdalla, Catia Pinho, Jonathan Rodriguez, Paulo Pereira Monteiro, Antonio Lucios Teixeira
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Cellular Network Interface and Solution 3
1.2.1 MBH/MFH Architecture 3
1.2.2 Integrated MBH/MFH Transport Network 5
1.3 5G Enabling Technologies 5
1.3.1 Ultra-Densication 6
1.3.2 C-RAN and RAN Virtualization 6
1.3.3 Advanced radio coordination 8
1.3.4 Millimeter-Wave Small Cells 9
1.3.5 Massive MIMO 10
1.3.6 New Multicarrier Modulations for 5G 10
1.4 Fiber-Wireless Network Convergence 11
1.5 Radio-over-Fiber Transmission Scheme 12
1.5.1 Digital Radio-over-Fiber (D-RoF) Transmission 12
1.5.2 Analog Radio-over-Fiber (A-RoF) Transmission 13
1.6 Optical MBH/MFH Transport Network Multiplexing Schemes 14
1.6.1 Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) based Schemes 14
1.6.2 Spatial-Division Multiplexing (SDM) based Schemes 15
1.7 Wireless based MFH/MBH 18
1.7.1 FSO Communication Systems 18
1.7.2 Hybrid RF/FSO Technology 21
1.7.3 Relay-Assisted FSO Transmission 22
1.8 Experimental Channel measurement and characterization 23
1.9 Results and Discussions 24
1.10 Conclusion 24
Acknowledgments 24
Bibliography 25
2 Hybrid Fiber Wireless (HFW) Extension for GPON Toward 5G 31 Rattana Chuenchom, Andreas Ste_an, Robert G. Walker, Stephen J. Clements, Yigal Leiba, Andrzej Banach, Mateusz Lech, Andreas Stohr
2.1 Passive Optical Network 32
2.1.1 GPON and EPON standard 33
2.2 Transparent Wireless Extension of Optical Links 34
2.2.1 Transparent wireless extension of optical links using CRoF 34
2.3 Key Enabling Photonic and Electronic Technologies 36
2.3.1 Coherent Photonic Mixer 36
2.3.2 Single side band Mach-Zehnder modulator 38
2.3.3 High power amplifier in E-band for GPON extension 40
2.3.4 Integrated radio access units 42
2.4 Field Trial for 2.5 Gbit/s GPON over Wireless 43
2.4.1 RX Throughput and packet loss 48
2.4.2 Latency 48
2.4.3 Jitter 49
2.5 Conclusions 49
Bibliography 50
3 Software Defened Networking and Network Function Virtualisation for Converged Accessmetro Networks 53 Marco Rumi , Frank Slyne
3.1 Introduction 53
3.2 The 5G requirements driving network convergence and virtualisation 54
3.3 Access and metro convergence 57
3.3.1 Long-Reach Passive Optical Network 58
3.3.2 New architectures in support of 5G networks, network virtualisation and mobile functional split 59
3.4 Functional convergence and virtualisation of the central offices 62
3.4.1 Infrastructure 63
3.4.2 Management and Control 66
3.4.3 Cross-Layer Components 70
3.5 Conclusions 70
Bibliography 70
4 Multicore Fibres for 5G Fronthaul Evolution 77 Ivana Gasulla, José Capmany
4.1 Why 5G communications demand for optical Space-Division Multiplexing 77
4.2 Multicore Fibre Transmission Review 79
4.2.1 Homogeneous MCFs 80
4.2.2 Heterogeneous MCFs 81
4.3 Radio Access Networks using Multicore Fibre Links 82
4.3.1 Basic MCF link between Central O_ce and Base Station 84 &nbs
1 Towards a Converged Optical-Wireless Fronthaul/Backhaul Solution for 5G Networks and Beyond 1 Isiaka Ajewale Alimi, Nelson Jesus Muga, Abdelgader M. Abdalla, Catia Pinho, Jonathan Rodriguez, Paulo Pereira Monteiro, Antonio Lucios Teixeira
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Cellular Network Interface and Solution 3
1.2.1 MBH/MFH Architecture 3
1.2.2 Integrated MBH/MFH Transport Network 5
1.3 5G Enabling Technologies 5
1.3.1 Ultra-Densication 6
1.3.2 C-RAN and RAN Virtualization 6
1.3.3 Advanced radio coordination 8
1.3.4 Millimeter-Wave Small Cells 9
1.3.5 Massive MIMO 10
1.3.6 New Multicarrier Modulations for 5G 10
1.4 Fiber-Wireless Network Convergence 11
1.5 Radio-over-Fiber Transmission Scheme 12
1.5.1 Digital Radio-over-Fiber (D-RoF) Transmission 12
1.5.2 Analog Radio-over-Fiber (A-RoF) Transmission 13
1.6 Optical MBH/MFH Transport Network Multiplexing Schemes 14
1.6.1 Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) based Schemes 14
1.6.2 Spatial-Division Multiplexing (SDM) based Schemes 15
1.7 Wireless based MFH/MBH 18
1.7.1 FSO Communication Systems 18
1.7.2 Hybrid RF/FSO Technology 21
1.7.3 Relay-Assisted FSO Transmission 22
1.8 Experimental Channel measurement and characterization 23
1.9 Results and Discussions 24
1.10 Conclusion 24
Acknowledgments 24
Bibliography 25
2 Hybrid Fiber Wireless (HFW) Extension for GPON Toward 5G 31 Rattana Chuenchom, Andreas Ste_an, Robert G. Walker, Stephen J. Clements, Yigal Leiba, Andrzej Banach, Mateusz Lech, Andreas Stohr
2.1 Passive Optical Network 32
2.1.1 GPON and EPON standard 33
2.2 Transparent Wireless Extension of Optical Links 34
2.2.1 Transparent wireless extension of optical links using CRoF 34
2.3 Key Enabling Photonic and Electronic Technologies 36
2.3.1 Coherent Photonic Mixer 36
2.3.2 Single side band Mach-Zehnder modulator 38
2.3.3 High power amplifier in E-band for GPON extension 40
2.3.4 Integrated radio access units 42
2.4 Field Trial for 2.5 Gbit/s GPON over Wireless 43
2.4.1 RX Throughput and packet loss 48
2.4.2 Latency 48
2.4.3 Jitter 49
2.5 Conclusions 49
Bibliography 50
3 Software Defened Networking and Network Function Virtualisation for Converged Accessmetro Networks 53 Marco Rumi , Frank Slyne
3.1 Introduction 53
3.2 The 5G requirements driving network convergence and virtualisation 54
3.3 Access and metro convergence 57
3.3.1 Long-Reach Passive Optical Network 58
3.3.2 New architectures in support of 5G networks, network virtualisation and mobile functional split 59
3.4 Functional convergence and virtualisation of the central offices 62
3.4.1 Infrastructure 63
3.4.2 Management and Control 66
3.4.3 Cross-Layer Components 70
3.5 Conclusions 70
Bibliography 70
4 Multicore Fibres for 5G Fronthaul Evolution 77 Ivana Gasulla, José Capmany
4.1 Why 5G communications demand for optical Space-Division Multiplexing 77
4.2 Multicore Fibre Transmission Review 79
4.2.1 Homogeneous MCFs 80
4.2.2 Heterogeneous MCFs 81
4.3 Radio Access Networks using Multicore Fibre Links 82
4.3.1 Basic MCF link between Central O_ce and Base Station 84 &nbs
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