According to WHO, about half of the world's children are anaemic, of which iron deficiency anaemia accounts for the vast majority. A static analysis of the nutritional status of the world's population (WHO) has revealed that iron deficiency is the most frequent nutritional deficiency, especially among children. Therefore, iron deficiency anemia can be considered the most common disease of the childhood blood system. There is every reason to believe that in iron deficiency there are profound tissue changes, leading to slow growth processes, disorders of harmonious development of children, decreased immunobiological reactivity, resulting in a significant increase in respiratory, gastrointestinal morbidity, which increases the risk of formation of chronic pathology.