The problematic of the course, as well as its main objective, is not so much to give a summary presentation of the different literatures that fall under the definition of Francophone literatures. It is rather to make students aware of a number of important points relating to Francophone literatures, in particular, its problematic definitions underpinned by political discourses and counter discourses. It is also a question of seeing the specificities of each of the Francophone literatures (Maghreb, Black Africa, Middle East), as well as their specific relationships to the French language. In other words, it is above all a question of seeing how the French language is at the origin of the creation of a new literary genre in territories historically acquired from the oral tradition.