Polymer nanocomposites open a chance for the use of novel, high performance, lightweight, and green nanocomposite materials making them replace conventional non-biodegradable petroleum-based plastic packaging materials. Up to now, the most studied polymer nanocomposites for packaging applications are starch and cellulose derivatives, chitosan, polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).