Izumi Shimada

Pampa Grande and the Mochica Culture

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Pampa Grande, the largest and most powerful city of the Mochica (Moche) culture on the north coast of Peru, was built, inhabited, and abandoned during the period A.D. 550-700. It is extremely important archaeologically as one of the few pre-Hispanic cities in South America for which there are enough reliable data to reconstruct a model of pre-Hispanic urbanism. This book presents a "biography" of Pampa Grande that offers a reconstruction not only of the site itself but also of the sociocultural and economic environment in which it was built and abandoned. Izumi Shimada argues that Pampa Grande was established rapidly and without outside influence at a strategic position at the neck of the Lambayeque Valley that gave it control over intervalley canals and their agricultural potential and allowed it to gain political dominance over local populations. Study of the site itself leads him to posit a large resident population made up of transplanted Mochica and local non-Mochica groups with a social hierarchy of at least three tiers.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: University of Texas Press
• Seitenzahl: 342
• Erscheinungstermin: 31. Oktober 1994
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 280mm x 210mm x 18mm
• Gewicht: 838g
• ISBN-13: 9780292723375
• ISBN-10: 0292723377
• Artikelnr.: 27984148

Autorenporträt

By Izumi Shimada

Inhaltsangabe

1. Preface
2. 1. The Mochica and Pampa Grande in Andean Prehistory
3. 2. Archaeology of the Mochica Culture: Growth and Characteristics
4. 1. Early Scholarship
5. 2. Emergence of Peruvian and Peruvianist Scholarship and the Recognition of
Pre-Inca Cultures
6. 3. Systematization and Modern Trends
* A. Establishment and Character of Collections
* B. Relative Chronology
* C. Iconographic Studies
* D. Defining Environmental and Architectural Settings:
Settlement-Pattern and Related Studies
* E. Other Modern Advances
7. 4. The Chan Chan–Moche Valley Project
8. 5. The Royal Ontario Museum Pampa Grande Project
9. 6. Retrospect and Prospect
10. 3. Mochica Land and Culture
11. 1. The Central Andes
12. 2. Mochica Land in Central Andean Context
* A. The Diversity of Vertically Differentiated Microenvironments
* B. Proximity to the Equator: Altitude-Latitude Interplay and
Ramifications of Tropical Alpine Conditions
* C. Proximity and Importance of the Pacific Ocean
* D. Llama Breeding and Herding on the North Coast
* E. Unpredictable Forces and Dynamic Perception of the Environment
* F. Creative Cultural Solutions to Environmental Limitations
* G. Highland Rains and Coastal Water
13. 3. The North Coast: A Summary Characterization
14. 4. The Lambayeque Valley Complex, the Moche V Heartland
15. 4. Mochica Culture before Pampa Grande
16. 1. North Coast Antecedents of the Mochica Culture
* A. Cupisnique
* B. Salinar
* C. Gallinazo
17. 2. Emergence of the Mochica Culture
* A. Emergence of the Mochica Style
* B. Chronological and Geographical Origins of the Style and the
Associated Polities
* C. The Problematics of the Vicús-Mochica Style
* D. Sociopolitical Conditions Surrounding the Emergence of the Mochica
Style and Polities
18. 3. Developments during Moche III (ca. A.D. 378–450)
* A Territorial Expansion to the South
* B Northern Sector and the Sipán Enigma
* C. Summary
19. 4. Developments during Moche IV (ca. A.D. 450–550)
* A. The Southern Sector
* B. The Northern Sector
20. 5. Mochica Horizontality
21. 6. Mochica Verticality: Peer Polity Interaction?
* A. Mochica-Recuay Interaction
* B. Mochica-Cajamarca Interaction
22. 5. Mochica Organizational Features
23. 1. Developments at the Capital of Moche
24. 2. Socioeconomic Features of the Mochica Culture
* A. Labor Organization and Corporate Projects
* B. Social Organization
25. 3. The Nature of Mochica Political Organization
* A. Defining the State
* B. Case for the pre–Moche V State
* C. Critical Assessment
* D. Alternative View: Chiefdom-Level Polity
* E. Summary
26. 4. Mochica Urbanism before Pampa Grande
27. 5. Mochica Culture before Pampa Grande: A Summary Characterization
28. 6. The Establishment of Moche V Pampa Grande
29. 1. Abandonment of the Southern Sector
30. 2. Abandonment of the Site of Moche
31. 3. Inland and Northward Settlement Shift
32. 4. Moche V Domain: A General Characterization
33. 5. Climatic Data
* A. Central Coast
* B. South Coast
* C. Quelccaya Ice Core Data
* D. Applicability of the Quelccaya Data to the North Coast
34. 6. The Moche IV–V Transformation as a Response to Severe Droughts:
Archaeological Assessment
* A. Chronological Consideration
* B. The Selection of Pampa Grande and the Lambayeque Valley
* C. Assessing Other Related Issues
35. 7. Assessing the “Wari Expansion” Hypothesis
* A. Relevant Evidence and Arguments
* B. Assessment of the Model
36. 8. Conclusion
37. 7. Urban Landscape at Pampa Grande: Architecture and Sociopolitical
Significance
38. 1. Defining the City
39. 2. Physiography of Pampa Grande
40. 3. Architectural Forms and Hierarchy
41. 4. Sector Characterizations
42. 5. Organizational Principles of Urban Architecture
* A. Symbolic Significance of Huaca Fortaleza
* B. The Axis Mundi and Four-Tier Hierarchy of Huacas and Compounds
* C. Regulation of Movement
* D. Height Differentiation
* E. Adobe Brick Construction
43. 6. Emergence of the City and State: Factors and Processes
* A. The Traditional Ceremonial-Civic Center as the Organizational
Framework
* B. Construction Techniques and History of Huaca Fortaleza
* C. Organizational Implications of Huaca Fortaleza and Other Major
Corporate Constructions
44. 7. The Composition and Permanence of the Pampa Grande Population
* A. Establishing Permanent Residency: Demographic Correlates of the
Huaca Fortaleza Construction, Agrarian Reform and Social Surplus
* B. Social Organization of the Urban Residents
* C. Summary
45. 8. Urban Subsistence and Economy at Moche V Pampa Grande
46. 1. Subsistence Items: Riches of the Land and Sea
* A. “Garbage” and the Nature of Organic Remains at Pampa Grande
* B. Plant Resources
* C. Marine Resources
* D. Domesticated Animals
47. 2. Procurement and Distribution of Subsistence Items
* A. North Coast Llama Breeding and Herding
* B. Agricultural Produce
* C. Marine Products
* D. Differential Distribution of Subsistence Items
48. 3. Craft Goods and Production
* A. Characterization and Differential Distribution of Ceramic Types
* B. Ceramic Production and Workshops
* C. Metal Objects and Metalworking
* D. Weaving and Textiles
* E. Bone and Stone Artifacts
* F. Spondylus and Other Shell Objects
49. 4. Redistributive Nature of the Moche V Urban Economy
* A. Centralized, Differentiated, Large-Scale Storage
* B. The Redistributive Economy in Operation: Chicha and Craft
Production
50. 5. Organization of Craft Production: Summary
51. 9. Art and Religion
52. 1. Moche V Art Style and Iconography
* A. Skewed Data Base and Basic Features
* B. Characteristics of Moche V Ceramic Art
* C. Thematic Sequence
* D. Moche V Murals at Pampa Grande
53. 2. Ritual and Mortuary Practices
* A. Spondylus Shells and Moche V Rituals
* B. Human Sacrifice and Trophy Heads
* C. Moche V Burials
* D. Changes in Mochica Burial Practices
54. 3. Understanding Moche V Art and Religion
55. 10. The Demise of Moche V Pampa Grande
56. 1. Demise of the Moche V Polity and Mochica Abandonment of Pampa Grande
* A. Intentional, Synchronic, Selective Burning of Key Structures
* B. Explaining the Collapse and Abandonment: General Considerations
* C. Specific Causes of the Collapse and Abandonment
* D. Assessing the Models of Specific Causes
57. 2. Disintegration of the Moche V Culture on the Northern North Coast
58. 11. Moche V Legacies and Conclusion
59. 1. Legacies of the Mochica Culture and Pampa Grande
* A. Art and Religion
* B. Territorial Expansion, Cultural Interaction, and Human-Environment
Interplay
* C. Redistributive Economy and the State
* D. Monumental Architecture and Attendant Institutions
* E. City and State Formation
* F. Mochica and Chimú Dynastic Continuity?
60. Notes
61. Bibliography
62. Index