Structured from the analysis of Law 12. 305 of 2010 regarding the implementation of public policies for the management and management of solid urban waste, this study prioritized the interdisciplinary dialogue between environmental law and the use of analysis methods by sustainability indicators. Thus, it has as its theme the effectiveness of Law 12. 305 of 2010 in order to delimit for the scenario of local applicability in the municipality of Santa Maria, located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul - RS. The development will seek possible conclusions for the following problems: "What factors may be raised as barriers to the effectiveness of Law 12.305 of 2010 in urban environments?", "At the local level, what is the panorama of management and management of urban solid waste by applicability of Law 12. 305 of 2010 in the municipality of Santa Maria - RS? ". It is characterized as a qualitative research, with a quantitative focus by gathering statistical data and using indicators from the Model of Sustainable Urban Solid Waste Management.