This fascinating tale of the rise and fall of mini-computer-based integrated library systems (ILS) offers both an explanation of the technical workings-still being used daily-and a historical investigation. Parents of Invention: The Development of Library Automation Systems in the Late 20th Century traces the rise and fall of mini-computer-based ILS. In doing so, it offers an insider's view of the process of creation, the technical challenges, and the lasting contributions of librarians and programmers at a time when librarians and their automation needs forced computer companies to innovate.…mehr
This fascinating tale of the rise and fall of mini-computer-based integrated library systems (ILS) offers both an explanation of the technical workings-still being used daily-and a historical investigation. Parents of Invention: The Development of Library Automation Systems in the Late 20th Century traces the rise and fall of mini-computer-based ILS. In doing so, it offers an insider's view of the process of creation, the technical challenges, and the lasting contributions of librarians and programmers at a time when librarians and their automation needs forced computer companies to innovate. Organized around a series of interviews with computer programmers, librarians, and salespeople, the book discusses developments from the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, focusing on the 1980s when both ILS and the mini-computer were dominant. It documents the time when a small group of computing vendors joined with large libraries around the world to perfect systems that automated functions such as circulation, acquisitions, cataloging, and online public access catalogs. A concluding chapter, contributed by Louise O'Neill, brings the story up to date with a discussion of current developments in library automation, including the adoption of open-source systems, open-access principles, and the Semantic Web.
The late Christopher Brown-Syed was editor of the journal Library & Archival Security; and taught at Seneca College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Inhaltsangabe
Foreword Commonly Used Terms and Abbreviations Acknowledgments Interviews Introduction 1. Origins of Magic Era of Conceptualization Era of Commercialization Making Systems as Error Free as Possible Advent of Bibliographic Utilities Developing National Bibliographies Programming Languages and ILS Bibliographic Databases, Bibliographic Utilities, and Regional Library Consortia 2. Customers' Perspectives A First Experience of Computing User Manuals Consortia Customers and Vendors Burlington Public Library A View from Australia CLANN Goes Online AUSMARC Authority Files MARC Records Communication Lines Incorporating Research Databases AARNET and JANET CD-ROM The Customer and the ILS Vendor 3. At the Interface: Librarians and the Vendor Environment Working Conditions Being on the Road Fair Warning at Hiring Librarians as Trainers Librarians as Project Managers 4. The Nature of the Vendors' Work Age of Respondents Education and Training of Respondents Types of Work Performed Job Satisfaction Work Environment Financial Benefits Summary 5. On Company Time Social: Cohesion and Group Identity Recreation or Learning 6. Transformations Campus Mainframes Plessey Data Systems Batch Mode Circulation Systems: York University Geac Library Information System Upgrades and Migrations Requests for Information The RFP Process Transformations: The Technologies Transformations: Technical Aspects Characteristics of the Bibliographic Data Small Capacities and Compact Computer Code Circulation Transactions Cataloguing and Authorities Overnight Processing Local Initiatives and a Typical Offline-Processing Cycle General Indications of System Activity and Database Contents RAT 40K Computers and Peripherals Mainframes, Minis, Superminis, and Micros Data Structures and Transactions-The Case of NOTIS Library Requirements, Data Representation, and Transactions A Circulation Scenario Accommodating Library Policies Acquisitions Systems 7. Consolidation and Lasting Achievements The Business of Library Automation Changing Business Models Product Maturation Competition Among Vendors The Age Factor Advances in Computing and Information Science End of an Era Conclusions 8. The Future of Library Technology Louise O'Neill Integrated Library Systems Open Source Software Increased Focus on Library Users' Experience of Technology Description and Discovery Tools Nonlocal Information Resources and Delivery Mobile and Ubiquitous Access Other Library Technology Future Directions Institutional and Digital Repositories and Open Access Libraries as Publishers Adoption and Convergence of Library and Nonlibrary Technologies Future Librarians and Technology Index
Foreword Commonly Used Terms and Abbreviations Acknowledgments Interviews Introduction 1. Origins of Magic Era of Conceptualization Era of Commercialization Making Systems as Error Free as Possible Advent of Bibliographic Utilities Developing National Bibliographies Programming Languages and ILS Bibliographic Databases, Bibliographic Utilities, and Regional Library Consortia 2. Customers' Perspectives A First Experience of Computing User Manuals Consortia Customers and Vendors Burlington Public Library A View from Australia CLANN Goes Online AUSMARC Authority Files MARC Records Communication Lines Incorporating Research Databases AARNET and JANET CD-ROM The Customer and the ILS Vendor 3. At the Interface: Librarians and the Vendor Environment Working Conditions Being on the Road Fair Warning at Hiring Librarians as Trainers Librarians as Project Managers 4. The Nature of the Vendors' Work Age of Respondents Education and Training of Respondents Types of Work Performed Job Satisfaction Work Environment Financial Benefits Summary 5. On Company Time Social: Cohesion and Group Identity Recreation or Learning 6. Transformations Campus Mainframes Plessey Data Systems Batch Mode Circulation Systems: York University Geac Library Information System Upgrades and Migrations Requests for Information The RFP Process Transformations: The Technologies Transformations: Technical Aspects Characteristics of the Bibliographic Data Small Capacities and Compact Computer Code Circulation Transactions Cataloguing and Authorities Overnight Processing Local Initiatives and a Typical Offline-Processing Cycle General Indications of System Activity and Database Contents RAT 40K Computers and Peripherals Mainframes, Minis, Superminis, and Micros Data Structures and Transactions-The Case of NOTIS Library Requirements, Data Representation, and Transactions A Circulation Scenario Accommodating Library Policies Acquisitions Systems 7. Consolidation and Lasting Achievements The Business of Library Automation Changing Business Models Product Maturation Competition Among Vendors The Age Factor Advances in Computing and Information Science End of an Era Conclusions 8. The Future of Library Technology Louise O'Neill Integrated Library Systems Open Source Software Increased Focus on Library Users' Experience of Technology Description and Discovery Tools Nonlocal Information Resources and Delivery Mobile and Ubiquitous Access Other Library Technology Future Directions Institutional and Digital Repositories and Open Access Libraries as Publishers Adoption and Convergence of Library and Nonlibrary Technologies Future Librarians and Technology Index
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