The book is the first hand experience of the writer about the political, cultural, and tribal structures of Pashtuns. Archiwal explains conflict resolution mechanism in Pashtun society, he explains how the tribal structure influences the lives of Pashtuns in the 21st century. The writer explains the importance of communal relations, social capital, in the lives of Pashtuns. The book stresses on the importance of tribal structure for overcoming the challenges in governance, security and state-building in Pashtun areas.