David P. Barash / Charles P. Webel

Peace and Conflict Studies

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Main description:
This book comprehensively introduces students to the relatively young interdisciplinary field of peace and conflict studies. A hallmark of the book is the effort it makes to encourage independent and critical thinking among student readers.

Review quote:
...
'Beautifully crafted, logically constructed, the book by Barash and Webel will be the introductory text to peace and conflict studies for years to come. With a wealth of interesting material and a clear, accommodating, yet sufficiently rigorous, framework anyone who has studied these pages will come out a richer person, more able to act in and on todays world.'
. Johan Galtung

Table of contents:
I. THE PROMISE OF PEACE, THE PROBLEM OF WAR
1. The Meanings of Peace
2. Peace Movements
3. The Meanings of War
4. The Special Significance of Nuclear Weapons
II. THE REASONS FOR WARS
5. The Individual Level
6. The Group Level
7. The State Level
8. The Decision-Making Level
9. The Ideological, Social, and Economic Levels
III. BUILDING NEGATIVE PEACE
10. Diplomacy, Negotiations, and Conflict Resolution
11. Peace Through Strength?
12. Disarmament and Arms Control
13. International Organizations
14. International Law
15. World Government
16. Ethical and Religious Perspectives
IV. BUILDING POSITIVE PEACE
17. Human Rights
18. Ecological Wholeness
19. Economic Well-Being
20. Nonviolence
21. Toward the Future

Produktdetails

• Verlag: SAGE Publications
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9780761925071
• ISBN-10: 0761925074
• Artikelnr.: 21933719

Autorenporträt

David P. Barash received his Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of Wisconsin in 1970 and has been with the Department of Psychology at the University of Washington since 1973. His studies span animal behavior and social psychology, with concentrations in sociobiology, psychological aspects of the arms race and nuclear war, peace studies, and animal behavior and evolution. A prolific author, he has written 180 technical articles and 19 books ranging from monographs (Marmots: Social Behavior amp; Ecology ) to college textbooks (Sociobiology amp; Behavior ) to popular trade titles (The Great Outdoors and The Whisperings Within ). His 1991 Wadsworth text, Introduction to Peace Studies , upon which the current book is derived, helped to shape and define Peace Studies as a formal field of inquiry.
Charles Webel received a multidisciplinary Ph.D. in Psychology, Sociology, Political Science, and Philosophy in 1976 from the University of California, Berkeley. In addition, he has pursued post-doctoral studies at Harvard University and the Max Planck Institute and at the Universities of Paris, Frankfurt, and Heidelberg. A lecturer in the School of Social Welfare at Berkeley, his major fields of concentration include social and political theory; peace and conflict studies; social, political, and cultural psychology; and the philosophy of science and the social sciences. In addition to his academic career, he briefly enjoyed a career in publishing as executive editor of social sciences, social work, and philosophy at Columbia University Press (1980-83).

Inhaltsangabe

Part I
The Promise of Peace, the Problems of War Chapter 1
The Meanings of Peace The Meanings of Peace Positive and Negative Peace Measuring Peace The Global Peace Index Culture of Peace A Final Note on the Meanings of Peace Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 2
Peace Studies, Peace Education, and Peace Research Peace Studies, War Studies, and Peace and Conflict Studies Peace Education The Dimensions of Peace and Conflict Studies PCS Today Some Contributions of PCS The Future of PCS A Final Note on Peace and Conflict Studies, Education, and Research Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Scholarly Journals Notes Chapter 3
The Meaning of War Defining War The Frequency and Intensity of Wars Historical Trends in War Modern Weaponry Cutting-Edge Military Technologies Has Technology Made War Obsolete? Wars, Empires, Colonialism, and National Liberation The Desirability of Peace Versus Justifications for Wars Social Justice and War Political Ideologies and Militarism Is War Inevitable? Can Nations Change? The Nature and Functions of Conflict A Final Note on War Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 4
Terrorism and Counterterrorism: A War Without End? What Is Terrorism? Who Are Terrorists? A Brief History of Terrorism: From Above and From Below Terrorism and the Middle East Divisions Within Islam The Official Terrorism Industry The Global War on Terrorism The Victims and Perpetrators of Global Terrorism and Counterterrorism A Final Note on Terrorism Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 5
Nuclear Weapons The Nature of Nuclear Weapons Delivery Systems Strategic Doctrine: Deterrence How a Nuclear War Could Start Nuclear Proliferation Some New Worries Some Good News What Might Be Done A Final Note on Nuclear Weapons Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Part II
The Causes of Wars Chapter 6
The Individual Level Aggression, Drives, and Instincts Sociobiology and Evolutionary Psychology Freudian and Post-Freudian Psychoanalytic Perspectives Innate Depravity? Social Learning Theories Gender, War, and Peace Prejudice, Images of the Enemy, and Human Needs Attributions and Projection Dehumanization, Altruism, and Reconciliation The Attractions of War Inhibitions Against War Some Issues in Nuclear Psychology A Final Note on Individual-Level Explanations of Wars Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 7
The Group Level War: Its Early History Functions of Nontechnological Wars Characteristics of Premodern Wars Alternatives to Traditional, Premodern Warfare Underlying Group Processes Brief Conclusion on Premodern and Nontechnological Warfare Nations, States, Ethnic Groups, and Nationalism A Brief History of Nationalist Wars Types of Nationalist Wars Nationalist Threats to States Racial and Cultural Intolerance Nationalism and the Public Mood Nationalism and Political Ideology 186 World War I: Ideology Loses to Nationalism The Question of "National Character" A Final Note on Nationalism and Ethnocentrism Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 8
The State Level Defining the State State Sovereignty The State System Alliances Between States Realpolitik and Raisons d'État Internal Cohesion Arms Races A Final Note on War and States Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 9
The Decision-Making Level The Role of Leaders Crisis Decision Making Some Issues Regarding Perception and Cognition A Final Note on Decision Making Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 10
The Ideological, Social, and Economic Levels Conflicting Ideologies Population Pressure and Other Social Stresses Poverty as a Cause of War Imperialism The Military-Industrial Complex The Economic Effects of Wars The Effects of Military Spending Cultural Conflicts and the "Clash of Civilizations" A Final Note on the Complex Causes of War Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Part III
Building "Negative Peace" Chapter 11
Peace Movements Popular Attitudes Toward Peace Attention, Success, and Failure Historical and Current Perceptions of War History and Taxonomy of Peace Movements Interconnections Between Peace and Other Social Movements Some Internal Debates Within Peace Movements Some Criticisms of Peace Movements Maintaining the Momentum of Peace Movements A Final Note on Peace Movements Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 12
Diplomacy, Negotiations, and Conflict Resolution Conflict: A Brief Overview Summitry A Brief History of Diplomacy Diplomacy and Military Force Diplomacy and Realpolitik Track II Diplomacy Third-Party Involvement Negotiating Techniques for Resolving Conflict Methods of Integrative Bargaining Additional Negotiating Techniques A Final Note on Conflict Resolution Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 13
Disarmament and Arms Control Different Visions of Disarmament A Brief History of Disarmament Some Current Agreements The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Future Prospects Some Conventional Arms-Control Efforts Pitfalls of Arms Control Agreements Benefits and Methods of Achieving Arms Control Agreements Economic Conversion A Final Note on Disarmament and Arms Control Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 14
International Cooperation The United Nations Limitations on the UN's Use of Force Other Functions of the United Nations Functionalism Regional Organizations Intergovernmental Organizations World Government? A Brief History of Plans for World Government Pros and Cons of World Government The Dream of World Government: A Waste of Time? The Prospects for World Government The Uniting of the United States of America: A Rehearsal for a Global Federal System? Trans-Governmental Movements A Final Note on International Cooperation Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 15
Peace Through Strength? Balance of Power Problems With Balance of Power Hegemonic US? Collective Security National Security via Military Force Appeasement, Provocation, and Deterrence The Prisoner's Dilemma Sanctions Nonprovocative Defense A Final Note on Peace Through Strength Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 16
International Law The Sources of International Law Enforcement of International Law The Conflict Between International Law and State Sovereignty Hidden Strengths of International Law The Laws of War A Final Note on International Law Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 17
Ethical and Religious Perspectives A Two-Sided View of Killing Ethics Religious Attitudes Toward War Christian "Realism" Religious Pacifism Nuclear Ethics A Final Note on Ethics and Religion Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Part IV
Building "Positive Peace" Chapter 18
Human Rights A Brief History of Human Rights Women's Rights Some Human Rights Controversies Refugees LGBT Rights The Legal Status of Human Rights Human Rights and the Nation-State Human Rights and Peace Competing Conceptions of Human Rights The Responsibility to Protect Human Rights Violations Under Authoritarian Regimes Promoting Human Rights A Final Note on Human Rights Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 19
Environmental Well-Being Enhanced Environmental Awareness The Environment and National Security The Tragedy of the Commons Some Major Environmental Problems Some Environmental Principles Environmental Activism Struggling for Sustainability Resource Wars Environmental Ethics A Final Note on Ecological Well-Being Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 20
The Climate Crisis Causes of Global Climate Change Some Skeptical Questions Regarding Climate Science and Some Replies to Them Indirect Consequences of Global Heating What Can We Expect in the Future? Obstacles to Action Prospects for Progress Technology to the Rescue? A Final Note on the Climate Crisis Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Climate Change Websites Chapter 21
Economic Well-Being The Problem of Poverty Socioeconomic Development Ethics, Equity, and a Bit of History Hunger Measuring Wealth, Poverty, and Income Inequality Population The Demographic-Economic-Environmental Trap Future Directions The Case of Costa Rica A Final Note on Economic Well-Being Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Chapter 22
Democracy What Is Democracy? A Brief Modern History of Democratization The Arab Spring: A "Fifth Wave" That Largely Failed The Occupy Movement The Democracy "Recession" Democracies and Wars Can Democracy Be Exported? Should It Be? A Final Note on Movements Toward Democracy Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 23
National Reconciliation Altruism, Aggression, and Reconciliation in Nonhuman Primates Truth and Reconciliation Commissions The Opposite of Reconciliation TRC Downsides and Caveats A Final Note on National Reconciliation Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 24
Nonviolence What Is Nonviolence? Violence Nonviolent Peace Theorists and Theories Mohandas K. Gandhi Gandhian Nonviolence in Theory and Practice Martin Luther King Jr. and the US Civil Rights Movement Some Nonviolent Successes Civilian-Based Defense Does Nonviolence "Work"? If So, Why? Prospects for Nonviolence A Final Note on Nonviolence Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes Chapter 25
The Coronavirus Pandemic: Catastrophe, Wake-Up Call, or Both? A Bit of History Socioeconomic Inequality Local and Domestic Consequences Possible Origins of the Pandemic and Human/Animal Interdependency More Cooperation or Less? Altered Political Realities, for Better and Worse Science and Public Health A Final Note on the Coronavirus Pandemic Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Coronavirus Websites Chapter 26
The Personal and the Political Transformations of Self and Society Toward the Future A Final Note on Transformation and the Future Questions for Further Reflection Suggestions for Further Reading Notes