Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. A penalty card is used in many sports as a means of warning, reprimanding or penalising a player, coach or team official. Penalty cards are most commonly used by referees or umpires to indicate that a player has committed an offence. The referee will hold the card above his or her head while looking or pointing towards the player that has committed the offence. The colour and/or shape of the card used by the official indicates the type or seriousness of the offence and the level of punishment that is to be applied.