This book presents the dosimetric methods currently used by the Brazilian judiciary, as well as providing a critical analysis of the techniques currently used to calculate sentences. To this end, it presents a historical study of Brazilian penal dosimetric systems, addressing the guiding principles of dosimetry of punishment, identifying the fact that the dosimetric techniques adopted do not correspond to the most genuine way of applying the principles inherent in the subject. As such, the study critically shows that there is a certain distance between the theoretical basis and the penal dosimetry techniques employed by the Brazilian judiciary, with the aim of finding a mechanism that conforms to both the will of the law and the principles that govern the application of penalties in Brazil.