Penrose is a small town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. It has a station on the Main Southern railway line served by CityRail's Southern Highlands services. At the 2006 census, Penrose had a population of 225 people. The Southern Highlands, also locally referred to as the Highlands, is a geographical region and district in New South Wales, Australia and is 110 km south-west of Sydney. The entire region is under the local government area of the Wingecarribee Shire. The region is also considered a wine region.