An old woman walks slowly up the hill from the store to her house. The hill is quite steep and the packages she carries, heavy. The two ten-year-olds watching her feel sorry for her and, moving toward her, ask if they might help carry the packages. They easily lift them and with almost no effort bring the shopping bags to the top of the hill. After receiving all A's in his first term in college, F. finds that this term is much harder, especially his physics courses, in which he is failing. He has talked to his professor twice, but finds he cannot understand what she is teaching. "Somehow," he…mehr
An old woman walks slowly up the hill from the store to her house. The hill is quite steep and the packages she carries, heavy. The two ten-year-olds watching her feel sorry for her and, moving toward her, ask if they might help carry the packages. They easily lift them and with almost no effort bring the shopping bags to the top of the hill. After receiving all A's in his first term in college, F. finds that this term is much harder, especially his physics courses, in which he is failing. He has talked to his professor twice, but finds he cannot understand what she is teaching. "Somehow," he thinks, "if she could only present the material in a different way, I could understand it better!" A month ago, as B. lay playing quietly in his crib, a toy key slipped out of his hand onto the floor. Almost immediately he turned his attention to another toy, close by, which he took up and put into his mouth. Yesterday, very nearly the same thing happened, except this time as soon as the toykey fell, he began to cry loudly, forcing me to stop what I was doing and retrieve it for him. It seemed in the first case that he forgot it, while yester day, even though it was gone, out of his sight, he still remembered it and wished it back.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Overview of the Internal-External Issue.- 1. Developmental Psychology.- 2. Personality-Social Psychology.- 3. Genetic Psychology.- 4. Perception and Cognition.- 5. Educational Psychology.- 6. Clinical Psychology.- 7. Issues within an Interactional Perspective.- Dialectics, Transaction, and Piaget's Theory.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Interaction and Transaction.- 3. Dialectical Model of Development.- 4. Piaget's Developmental Theory.- 5. Conclusion.- Situational Analysis and the Study of Behavioral Development.- 1. The Nature of the Stimulus.- 2. Toward a Taxonomy of Situations.- 3. Situation Analysis in Mother-Infant Interaction.- 4. Other Situational Analyses in Parent-Child Interaction.- Theoretical Approaches to the Analysis of Individual-Environment Interaction.- 1. Murray's Need-Press Model.- 2. Cognitive, Informational Approaches to Organism-Environment Interaction.- 3. Behavioral and Social Learning Models of Individual-Environment Interaction.- 4. General Systems Theory.- 5. Overview and Summary.- Predicting Prosocial Behavior: A Model for Specifying the Nature of Personality-Situation Interaction.- 1. Personal Goals and the Activating Potential of Situations.- 2. Goal Conflict and the Measurement of Goals and Activation Potentials.- 3. Other Important Personality Characteristics.- 4. Supporting Research.- 5. Concluding Commentss.- Altruism and Human Kindness: Internal and External Determinants of Helping Behavior.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Internal versus External Determinants of Helping.- 3. Factors Leading to Renewed Interest in Internal Determinants.- 4. Emotional Arousal as an Internal Determinant of Helping.- 5. Situational Constraints on Altruistic Motivation: Integrating Internal and External Determinants of Helping.- 6. Summary and Conclusion.- Person byTreatment Interactions in Personality Research.- 1. The Issue of Internal versus External Determinants of Behavior.- 3. Illustrations of Interactions.- 4. Person by Situation Interactions in Anxiety.- 5. Person by Situation Interactions in Locus of Control.- 6. Person by Situation Interaction in Conformity.- 7. Looking toward the Future.- 8. Summary.- Behavior Genetics from an Interactional Point of View.- 1. Some Definitions.- 2. Current Approaches to GE Interaction.- 3. A Conceptualization of Genotype-Environment Interactions.- 4. Specification of Genotype.- 5. Specification of Environments.- 6. GE Interaction: An Empirical Question.- External Stimuli and the Development and Organization of Behavior.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Behavioral Development.- 3. Organization of Reproductive Behavior.- 4. Summary and Overview>.- Aptitude-Treatment Interactions in Educational Research.- 1. Definitions.- 2. ATI Hypotheses and Example Studies.- 3. A Theoretical and Methodological Projection.- Internal and External Determinants of Behavior in Psychodynamic Theories.- 1. Introduction t1.- 3. Wishes as Cause and Effect.- 4. Perspectives on Personality Development.- 5. Transference and Schemata.- 6. Ties to "Early Objects".- 7. Therapeutic Implications.- 8. The Relation between Psychoanalysis and Other Approaches.- Stress-Related Transactions between Person and Environment.- 1. Transaction and Interaction.- 2. The Concept of Stress.- 3. Early Theoretical Research Efforts of the Lazarus Group.- 4. Current Transactional Formulations.- 5. Concluding Summary.
Overview of the Internal-External Issue.- 1. Developmental Psychology.- 2. Personality-Social Psychology.- 3. Genetic Psychology.- 4. Perception and Cognition.- 5. Educational Psychology.- 6. Clinical Psychology.- 7. Issues within an Interactional Perspective.- Dialectics, Transaction, and Piaget's Theory.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Interaction and Transaction.- 3. Dialectical Model of Development.- 4. Piaget's Developmental Theory.- 5. Conclusion.- Situational Analysis and the Study of Behavioral Development.- 1. The Nature of the Stimulus.- 2. Toward a Taxonomy of Situations.- 3. Situation Analysis in Mother-Infant Interaction.- 4. Other Situational Analyses in Parent-Child Interaction.- Theoretical Approaches to the Analysis of Individual-Environment Interaction.- 1. Murray's Need-Press Model.- 2. Cognitive, Informational Approaches to Organism-Environment Interaction.- 3. Behavioral and Social Learning Models of Individual-Environment Interaction.- 4. General Systems Theory.- 5. Overview and Summary.- Predicting Prosocial Behavior: A Model for Specifying the Nature of Personality-Situation Interaction.- 1. Personal Goals and the Activating Potential of Situations.- 2. Goal Conflict and the Measurement of Goals and Activation Potentials.- 3. Other Important Personality Characteristics.- 4. Supporting Research.- 5. Concluding Commentss.- Altruism and Human Kindness: Internal and External Determinants of Helping Behavior.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Internal versus External Determinants of Helping.- 3. Factors Leading to Renewed Interest in Internal Determinants.- 4. Emotional Arousal as an Internal Determinant of Helping.- 5. Situational Constraints on Altruistic Motivation: Integrating Internal and External Determinants of Helping.- 6. Summary and Conclusion.- Person byTreatment Interactions in Personality Research.- 1. The Issue of Internal versus External Determinants of Behavior.- 3. Illustrations of Interactions.- 4. Person by Situation Interactions in Anxiety.- 5. Person by Situation Interactions in Locus of Control.- 6. Person by Situation Interaction in Conformity.- 7. Looking toward the Future.- 8. Summary.- Behavior Genetics from an Interactional Point of View.- 1. Some Definitions.- 2. Current Approaches to GE Interaction.- 3. A Conceptualization of Genotype-Environment Interactions.- 4. Specification of Genotype.- 5. Specification of Environments.- 6. GE Interaction: An Empirical Question.- External Stimuli and the Development and Organization of Behavior.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Behavioral Development.- 3. Organization of Reproductive Behavior.- 4. Summary and Overview>.- Aptitude-Treatment Interactions in Educational Research.- 1. Definitions.- 2. ATI Hypotheses and Example Studies.- 3. A Theoretical and Methodological Projection.- Internal and External Determinants of Behavior in Psychodynamic Theories.- 1. Introduction t1.- 3. Wishes as Cause and Effect.- 4. Perspectives on Personality Development.- 5. Transference and Schemata.- 6. Ties to "Early Objects".- 7. Therapeutic Implications.- 8. The Relation between Psychoanalysis and Other Approaches.- Stress-Related Transactions between Person and Environment.- 1. Transaction and Interaction.- 2. The Concept of Stress.- 3. Early Theoretical Research Efforts of the Lazarus Group.- 4. Current Transactional Formulations.- 5. Concluding Summary.
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