In the textbook on the basis of the latest achievements of natural, social Sciences and Humanities popularly outlined a course of philosophy in its modern sense. Presents the author to develop a number of themes and topics of the course philosophy. For technical universities focused on Problems the theory of knowledge, history and methodology of science, philosophy of technology. The textbook is addressed to students, undergraduates and graduate students, may be useful to teachers of philosophy, specialists in social Sciences and Humanities and all who are interested in philosophical issues. The author expresses gratitude to Polyankina Sophya for the English translation.