Agricultural intensification largely depends upon the Hill soil, Floodplain and piedmont plain alluvium. Soil nutritional management and crop production is a very complex process. Ensuring soil health through appropriate techniques becomes an important task for future agriculture. World overpopulation crisis endangers our cultivable land and food security. Although researchers have provided various sustainable technologies for better crop production, farmers are highly intended to reach their production goal by adding over fertilization. The book explores sustainable soil management in relation to mineral nutrition and better crop production in floodplain and piedmont plain soil. The compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) provides a plant nutrient imbalance index in statistical distribution patterns, for adjusting the soil-plant systems specific fertilization for maintaining sustainable soil fertility. This book explores efficient nutrient management strategies by controlling nutritional imbalance and enhances nutrient use efficiency by a generic model. This book will serve not only as excellent reference material but also as a practical guide for environmental scientists.